What is the rated voltage of the capacitor and the abnormal voltage of the capacitor

The capacitor nominal voltage is the maximum voltage that can be continuously loaded on the capacitor, also known as withstand voltage. The voltage when the electrical appliance is working normally.

If the rated voltage of the capacitor is too high, it is easy to burn out, and if it is too low, it will not work normally (the light bulb does not emit light normally, and the motor does not run normally). At this time, the components in the electrical appliance are working in the best state. Only when the electrical appliances are in the best state, the performance of the electrical appliance is relatively stable, so that the life of the electrical appliance can be extended.

Long-term use of capacitors near the rated voltage will shorten the product life.

The usual practice in the capacitor industry: "choose a capacitor with a voltage that is twice the power supply or signal voltage."

Capacitors with rated voltages up to several hundred volts: aluminum electrolytic capacitors, film capacitors and chip multilayer ceramic capacitors. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors and film capacitors have launched varieties with high rated voltage and large electrostatic capacity.

Compared with the above three capacitors, tantalum electrolytic capacitors have a lower rated voltage, and the usual upper limit is only tens of volts.

When the capacitor is used in power lines and other occasions, it will not only be loaded with a certain voltage, but may also be loaded with high voltage for some reason. For example, pulse-like voltages such as overshoot and spikes due to the parasitic inductance components of the circuit are called abnormal capacitor voltages.