Precise crossover point and capacitor

Capacitor and inductor form the LC network as the frequency dividing circuit. The formula is F (divided frequency) = 2π√ ( L x C ). Therefore, the frequency of the classification point is accurate, and the capacitance of the capacitor is relatively accurate. Therefore, the error value of the capacitor used on the frequency dividing line is relatively accurate, such as ±20% ±10% ± 5% or even ± 2% ± 1%.

SIGNAL and capacitor polarity (POLARITY): Because the power amplifier outputs a signal voltage (also known as AC), the capacitor used on the crossover line must be NON-POLARIZED.

Signal (SIGNAL) and capacitor withstand voltage (WV): In order to carry the signal voltage output by the power amplifier, the voltage value of the capacitor used on the frequency dividing line must be higher than the output signal voltage PP designed by the power amplifier (PEAK). The value of -PEAK) is generally 30%-40% higher than the safety value (does not require excessively high withstand voltage to avoid unnecessary cost).

Most of the power amplifiers output signal voltages of less than 30VAC, so the withstand voltage of 50V can be used, of course, the withstand voltage of 100V is more secure.

The magnitude of the load carrying power (POWER) and the withstand voltage of the capacitor have no effect, but the load carrying ripple current (RIPPLE CURRENT), ie the loss angle value (DISSPATION FACTOR).

Signal power (POWER) and capacitor loss angle: In the above, the load power of the capacitor is related to the loss angle value. The lower the loss angle value, the larger the load power. The higher the loss angle value, the smaller the load power.

What is the loss angle (DISSPATION FACTOR - DF for short)? The angle between the phase angle of the signal passing through the capacitor and -90 degrees is called the loss angle (DISSPATION FACTOR - DF for short).

The standard capacitor has a phase angle of minus 90 degrees (the loss angle is zero and the ESR impedance value is also zero), and the lower the DF value, the lower the ESR impedance value.

For example, the signal pass standard capacitor has a phase angle of minus 90 degrees, so the closer the capacitor phase angle is to -90 degrees, the lower the loss angle value, and therefore the higher the carrying power. If a standard capacitor is assumed, the phase is -90. Degree, that is, the loss angle value is zero, and the ESR impedance value is also zero, so that it can carry an infinite power.

Sound quality (TONE) and capacitor loss angle: The loss angle value is proportional to the capacitor's class series internal resistance (ESR). The lower the loss angle value, the lower the internal resistance value. The higher the loss angle value, the lower the internal resistance value. The higher the sound quality is, the better the sound quality is. The lower the loss angle value is, the lower the internal resistance value is. Therefore, the better the sound quality, the higher the loss angle value, the higher the internal resistance value, so the sound quality is worse.