Introduction to Capacitor Performance

Capacitors are usually referred to as capacitors, which are composed of two electrodes made of conductors that are close to and insulated from each other. They are used to store charge and electrical energy.

Capacitors are one of the most widely used electronic components in electronic equipment. They are widely used in DC blocking, coupling, bypassing, filtering, tuning loops, energy conversion, and control circuits. Capacitors have different classification methods according to different properties. According to different manufacturing materials, they can be divided into: ceramic dielectric capacitors, polyester capacitors, electrolytic capacitors, tantalum capacitors, and advanced polypropylene capacitors.

Anhui Safe Electronics Co., LTD. collected and introduced the performance and application of capacitors made of different materials.

Ceramic chip capacitor 104 / 50V:

Ceramic capacitors are divided into two types: high-frequency ceramic dielectric and low-frequency ceramic dielectric; using high dielectric constant capacitor ceramic (barium titanate-titanium oxide) extruded into a circular tube, disc or disc as a medium, and burned The infiltration method is to plate silver on the ceramic as an electrode. It is a capacitor with a small positive capacitance temperature coefficient, which is mainly used in a highly stable oscillation circuit, as a loop capacitor and a pad capacitor.

Low-frequency ceramic dielectric capacitors are limited to bypass or DC blocking in circuits with lower operating frequencies, or occasions where stability and loss are not required. Such capacitors should not be used in pulse circuits because they are easily hit by pulse voltage wear. As long as the ceramic capacitors are aimed at high frequencies, the high-voltage ceramic capacitors depend on the occasion you use. The typical function can eliminate high-frequency interference. It is understood that ceramic chip capacitors have three advantages:

1. Capacity loss has high stability with temperature and frequency;

2. The special series structure is suitable for high voltage and long-term working reliability;

3. High current climbing rate and suitable for non-inductive structure of large current loop;

Polyester film capacitor 2A104:

Polyester capacitor 2A104 uses polyester as the medium, using two pieces of metal foil as electrodes, sandwiched in a very thin insulating medium, and rolled into a cylindrical or flat cylindrical core. Polyester film capacitors, polyester capacitors have high dielectric constant, small size, large capacity, and good stability. They are mainly used in various DC or low-frequency pulsating circuits, suitable for use as bypass capacitors.

The precision, loss angle, insulation resistance, temperature characteristics, reliability and environment adaptability of thin film capacitors are better than electrolytic capacitors and ceramic capacitors. But the capacity price ratio and capacity volume ratio are larger than the above two capacitors.

Like many capacitors, polyester capacitors have many small categories, such as the common CL11, CL21; the difference is that the inner wall of the CL21 capacitor uses metallization technology, the volume is much smaller than CL11, but the overall performance is not as good as CL11. Therefore, it is necessary to explain to the merchant which type to buy when purchasing.

Electrolytic capacitor 10UF / 450V:

The electrolytic capacitor is a kind of capacitor. The metal foil is the positive electrode (aluminum or tantalum), the oxide film (aluminum oxide or tantalum pentoxide) that is close to the positive electrode is the dielectric, and the cathode is made of conductive material and electrolyte (the electrolyte can be liquid or Solid) and other materials together, because the electrolyte is the main part of the cathode, the electrolytic capacitor is named. At the same time, the positive and negative electrolytic capacitors cannot be connected.

Electrolytic capacitors are widely used in household appliances and various electronic products.