How the Film Capacitor Works in AC Circuits

We can start with the structure of the film capacitor. The simplest capacitor is due to the dielectric structure. After electrification, the plate is charged, forming a voltage (potential difference), but in the middle due to the insulating material, it is not conductive. However, such a situation is under the premise of not exceeding the critical voltage (breakdown voltage) of the capacitor.

We all know that any substance is relatively insulated. When the voltage across a substance increases to a certain extent, the substance can conduct electricity. We call this voltage a breakdown voltage. Capacitance is no exception. After the capacitor is broken down, it is not an insulator. In high school, however, such voltages are not visible in the circuit, so they all work below the breakdown voltage and can be viewed as insulators.

However, in AC circuits, the direction of the current changes with time as a function of certain degree. The process of charging and discharging the film capacitor is time-consuming. At this time, the changing electric field is formed between the plates, and the electric field is also a function of time. In fact, the current passes through the formation of the field between the film capacitors. After reading the above, have you understood the principle of film capacitors in AC circuits?