Capacitor performance and characteristics

The construction of the capacitor is very simple. The two electrode plates face each other, and the middle is separated by an insulating material (called a dielectric) to form a capacitor. The dielectrics of different types of capacitors use different raw materials. The capacitance of a capacitor is determined by the size, shape, relative position of the two electrode plates that make up it, and the dielectric they are asking for.

The performance of a capacitor is to store charge or electrical energy. Capacitor charging, discharging and blocking DC power, through the characteristics of AC, in the circuit for AC coupling, filtering, decoupling, DC blocking, AC bypass, tuning, composition of the oscillator circuit.

(1) In a DC circuit, when the voltage on the circuit is higher than the voltage across the capacitor, the capacitor is charged (when the capacitor is charged, there is current flow) until the voltage developed on the capacitor and the circuit When the voltages are equal, then the capacitor is "full" and when the capacitor is full, the current will stop flowing).

(2) If the voltage on the capacitor is higher than the voltage of the circuit, the electric easy device discharges (the current flows in the other direction when the electric easy device is discharged) until the voltage on the electric easy device is equal to the voltage of the circuit ( When the capacitor discharges, the current will stop flowing).

When the capacitor is connected to the AC circuit, since the voltage magnitude and direction of the external circuit are constantly changed periodically by 0, +, 0, -, 0..., the capacitor is also alternately charged and discharged, and as a result, the circuit is internally There is always a alternating current flowing back and forth. Therefore, a capacitor is similar to a special resistor for alternating current, and it can pass AC power. The reason why a capacitor can pass AC power is because the voltage of the external circuit is constantly changing, so that the capacitor can alternately charge and discharge, and is not an insulating medium through which the current can pass.